一种X频段50 kW高功放的设计

针对未来深空测控及其他航天器测控通信业务不断拓展的需求,设计了一种基于速调管方案的X频段连续波高功放。该方案采用了高效率低电源纹波的模块化高压开关电源、集中式液体冷却设备、串联与并联相结合的高功率谐波和收阻滤波器,以及高速可靠的控保措施,实现了在深空X频段连续波高功率输出的技术能力。测试结果表明：在规定的带宽内,输出连续波功率达到了50 kW,最高可达60 kW以上,第2、3、4次谐波及接收频段内信号的抑制能力等主要指标都达到了预期目标,整机散热效果理想;经长时间连续加电考机表明：设备考核指标和工作状态都稳定可靠。这将为我国深空探测技术的进一步发展、探测能力的进一步提高奠定坚实基础。     

CFRP管件的弯曲蠕变行为试验研究

为评价航天器结构中碳纤维增强树脂基(CFRP)复合材料管件的使用可靠性,开展了三点弯曲加载条件下CFRP管件弯曲性能和蠕变行为试验研究。进行了管件弯曲模量和弯曲强度测试、500 h时长的恒温蠕变测试以及–60℃~100℃和–160℃~80℃两种高低温循环蠕变测试,获得了典型温度工况、不同应力水平作用下管件弯曲蠕变变形规律。根据测试结果,确定了基于时间–温度–应力等效原理的管件蠕变主曲线以及唯象蠕变Findley模型,预测分析了管件长期蠕变变形;采用最大应变强度准则,对该CFRP管件的强度特性和安全承载能力进行了评价。结果表明,该CFRP管件在设计服役期限内能够满足蠕变变形与强度要求。     

Effect of Semi-solid Isothermal Heat Treatment on Microstructure of VW63Z Alloy

The effects of isothermal heat treatment on the semi-solid microstructure evolution of VW63Z (Mg-6Gd-3Y-0.4Zr, wt.%) alloy are studied. It shows that the microstructure of VW63Z alloy could transform from equiaxed crystal to semi-solid spherical crystal after isothermal heat treatment above 620 ºC. With the heating temperature elevating from 620 ºC to 635 ºC and the holding time prolonging from 10 min to 35 min, the liquid fraction increases gradually. The semi-solid microstructure evolution of VW63Z alloy can be divided into three stages, i.e., particle coarsening and spheroidization;particle necking, coalescence, and Ostwald ripening;and dynamic equilibrium. The semi-solid process window of VW63Z alloy ranges from 620 ºC to 635 ºC, where the best process parameters are holding at 635 ºC for 20 min?30 min. The solid fraction, the average particle size, and the shape factor are 41.1%?53.8%, 81.5 μm?83.2 μm, and 0.70?0.75, respectively. The maximum relative deviations of the solid fraction, the particle size, and the shape factor at different heights of the same billet are 44.6%, 17.4%, and 16.6%, respectively, which means that it should pay attention to the uniformity of edge and core of VW63Z alloy during isothermal heat treatment. The driving force of microstructure is supposed to be the reduction of solid-liquid interface free energy.     

航空发动机高空模拟试验燃油流量原位校准系统设计与检验

为满足现代航空发动机高空模拟试验燃油流量高精度、快速度的测量要求,针对涡轮流量计不能长期保持校准曲线的缺陷,提出了原位校准技术。重点介绍了原位校准系统的技术要求、主要功能、工作原理、校准装置、工作模式,以及不确定度评估,并进行了对比检验试验。研究结果表明:该系统主要技术指标满足发动机试验需要,测量不确定度满足要求,主要设备具有高的工作可靠性、可控性和稳定性,可实现原位校准和冗余测量功能。     

双吊舱联翼布局太阳能飞机气动弹性建模研究

太阳能飞机一般都是大展弦比形式,气动弹性问题非常突出。先对飞机进行受力分析,确定在建立结构模型时需要考虑的关键问题,然后通过静力学分析确定吊舱所在位置,之后根据飞机外形参数建立详细的机翼结构模型和气动模型,再将飞机的结构模型和气动模型连接起来。对整个模型进行的气弹算例计算结果表明,这种建模是合理的。     

基于非结构网格的跨声速静气动弹性计算

基于非结构网格开发了静气动弹性计算程序,通过气动力与弹性变形的交替迭代计算实现流固耦合。气动力求解采用RANS方程,结构变形计算采用柔度系数法,通过面样条(IPS)方法进行柔度系数插值,使用改进弹簧近似法实现网格变形。通过对AGARD 445.6机翼的静气弹计算验证了方法的正确性,同时对机翼的静气动弹性特性进行了分析,计算表明,弹性变形使其升力线斜率下降、焦点前移。     

民用航空发动机拐点温度的计算方法

影响民航飞机飞行安全的因素众多,其中动力装置性能为一主要因素。针对国内外民机主力机型A320系列飞机的航空发动机CFM56-5B的拐点温度进行研究。阐释高涵道比发动机拐点温度的定义,统计分析CFM56-5B系列发动机拐点温度值及影响因素。分析其对飞机实施假设温度减推力起飞的意义及实施方法,飞机运行高温高原机场的性能要求以及拐点温度对发动机实施健康评估保障飞行安全的作用。应用最小二乘法对起飞数据进行处理,分别采用平均值法和正切法计算实际拐点温度,并与理论值验证得正切法可行。     

纤维棒直径对轴编C/C复合材料拉伸强度的影响

为了研究增强相尺度对轴编C/C复合材料拉伸性能的影响,通过对具有不同直径纤维棒的材料微结构的观测,结合材料的细观和宏观力学性能实验,研究了纤维棒直径引起的材料拉伸性能变化。结果表明:在编织参数不变的情况下,纤维棒直径增加,棒内大尺度裂纹增多,降低了材料的拉伸强度,但模量变化不明显。     

置氢TC4钛合金粉末热等静压制件组织与性能研究

采用置氢钛合金粉末热等静压成形与钛合金热氢处理技术相结合的新工艺路线制备合金,研究了置氢量及热等静压工艺参数对置氢TC4合金粉末热等静压制件组织性能的影响规律。结果表明:随着置氢量的增加,置氢TC4合金粉末热等静压后制件的密度呈逐渐增高的趋势;热等静压制件的片层状组织尺寸变薄、针状的组织变细,等轴颗粒组织愈来愈多;退火后制件的显微组织中等轴状的颗粒增多,压缩屈服强度和抗压强度均逐渐增大;热等静压制件与粉末原料的氢含量及相组成基本相近,真空退火除氢后氢含量则达到了安全使用水平,置氢量0.42%TC4合金粉末热等静压制件致密效果好、综合力学性能高。     

Investigation on Thermal and Dimensional Stability of Epoxy Resin In-Situ Modified by Cyanate Ester Resin and Polydimethylsiloxane

The thermal and dimensional stability of epoxy resin (EP) in-situ modified by cyanate ester (CE) and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) are investigated by means of experiments and numerical simulation. Thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) are used to analyze the heat resistance of the modified EP. The dimensional stability is characterized by the volume shrinkage of the series PDMS/CE/EP obtained by the density method. The chemical structure of the PDMS/CE/EP is analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The results of TGA and DSC indicate that the thermal stability of PDMS/CE/EP decreases firstly and then increases with the increase in the amount of CE. The addition of PDMS shows a slight effect on the thermal stability. The 40% CE makes the blending system exhibit the lowest initial decomposition temperature, which reduces by 15.5% and 40.8% compared with pure EP and CE, respectively. The FTIR results suggested that the influence of CE on the thermal stability of the modified EP is mainly ascribed to the generation of oxazolidinone ring with low thermal stability and the increase in the triazine ring with high thermal stability. The volume shrinkage measurement results show that the introduction of CE and PDMS are both beneficial to the improvement of the dimensional stability of the blending systems. The in-situ addition of 80% CE shows the lowest volume shrinkage of 6.11%. The thermal stress distribution of PDMS/CE/EP generated during the solidification process is simulated by the finite element analysis. The results suggested that the introduction of 80% CE into EP results in the lowest thermal stress in the blending system, which indicates that the system has the lowest volume shrinkage, which agrees well with the experimental results.